[atlas-obscura]
modern reference Atlas Obscura's place write-up — travel journalism, cited for what stands at the site today, not for the folklore itself."Kasane-ga-fuchi in Jōsō," Atlas Obscura (retrieved 2026-07-24) — site/graves documentation.
Supplied by
[batchelor-1901]
1901 John Batchelor, The Ainu and Their Folk-Lore — the missionary-ethnographer's collection; a period lens, cited here for Ainu tradition on its own terms.Batchelor, The Ainu and Their Folk-Lore (1901) — archived excerpt at sources-texts/ batchelor-1901-ainu-folklore-sea-monster.md (missionary ethnography; flagged lens).
Supplied by
[daishinin-1925-tanuki-mujina]
Daishin'in (Great Court of Cassation), judgment of 9 June, Taishō 14 (1925), Keishū (Daishin'in Keiji Hanreishū) vol. 4, p. 378 — the "tanuki-mujina jiken" (狸狢事件). Case facts and citation cross-checked across three independent secondary summaries (retrieved 2026-07-29), Tier A (primary court citation; full text not independently reviewed).
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[ehon-1841]
Edo, 1841 Ehon Hyaku Monogatari (Takehara Shunsen) — a late-Edo illustrated 'hundred tales' book: the parlor game fossilized into print.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Ehon Hyaku Monogatari (c. 1841) — Hakuzōsu, Kuzunoha, Nogitsune.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; Okinagusa to add to 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md (mid-Edo essay collection, Kanzawa Tokō).
Hokuetsu Kitan — per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md / add to 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (Haguro-bettari).
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (Okiku-mushi).
Supplied by
[en-akubozu]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Akubōzu," Wikipedia + aggregate (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search; yokai.com excluded per methodology), Tier C.
Supplied by
[en-amoronagu]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Amorōnagu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search), Tier C stub.
Supplied by
[en-arikura]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Arikura-no-baba," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search), Tier C stub; aggregate enthusiast-tier beyond it — thin-flagged; yokai.com excluded.
Supplied by
[en-ishinagenjo]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Ishinagenjo," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search), Tier C carrying Sakurada and Murakami.
Supplied by
[en-keneo]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Keneō" + "Datsue-ba," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search), Tier C.
Supplied by
[en-kinoko]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Kinoko (yokai)," Japanese Wiki Corpus / Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search), Tier C.
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[en-oki]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."A Story of Oki Islands," en.wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26 via search), Tier C.
Supplied by
[en-rojinbi]
modern reference An English-language reference article on this subject (Wikipedia or aggregate), as retrieved in 2026 — a starting point, not a primary source."Rōjinbi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-29 via search), Tier C.
Supplied by
[foster-2015]
modern scholarship Michael Dylan Foster, The Book of Yōkai (2015) — the standard English academic survey.Foster, The Book of Yōkai (2015). Tier B, for origin theories.
Michael Dylan Foster, The Book of Yōkai (2015). Tier B.
Foster, The Book of Yōkai. Tier B.
Tier B for the ubasute reading.
Supplied by
[hearn-1894]
Meiji, 1894 Lafcadio Hearn, Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan — includes his long fox-lore chapter, written from Matsue.archived chapter.
for the structural fox parallel.
Lafcadio Hearn, Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan: First Series, ch. 15 "Kitsune" (1894). Public domain. Full chapter text archived at ../sources-texts/hearn-1894-glimpses-ch15-kitsune.txt. Field observations from Hearn's 14-month residence in Matsue, Izumo.
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[hearn-1904]
Meiji, 1904 Lafcadio Hearn, Kwaidan — the retellings (yuki-onna, Hōichi, rokurokubi) that canonized several yokai worldwide.Kwaidan, Hōichi framing text (PD, archived).
full story archived (sources-texts/).
Kwaidan.
Kwaidan, "Mujina." Public domain.
Kwaidan, "Rokuro-Kubi."
Lafcadio Hearn, Kwaidan (1904), "Yuki-Onna" + introduction. Public domain; story text archived in ../sources-texts/.
Supplied by
[hyakkai-zukan-1737]
Edo, 1737 The Hyakkai Zukan, Sawaki Sūshi's painted scroll of a hundred spirits — the picture-catalog tradition Sekien built on.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Sawaki Sūshi, Hyakkai Zukan (1737) — Yako.
Supplied by
[ja-akabeko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「赤べこ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-akaei]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「赤えい (妖怪)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C. (Article lives at 赤えい_(妖怪); the census name 赤ゑいの魚 redirects.)
Supplied by
[ja-akamanto]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「赤マント」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Asakura — the Tōkaidō transmission, the 1936 censorship theory.
Supplied by
[ja-akamata]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「アカマタ・クロマタ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-akateko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「赤手児」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Sasaki.
Supplied by
[ja-akurojin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「悪路神の火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-amabiko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「アマビコ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yumoto — the 1844 earliest record and the typo-thesis attribution.
Supplied by
[ja-amamikyu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「アマミキヨ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-amemasu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「アメマス」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C (folklore sections).
Supplied by
[ja-anmo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「アンモ」ja.wikipedia via search (retrieved 2026-07-29), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-aoandon]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「青行燈」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (2026-07-25), Tier C — the Tonoigusa spider-tale, the blue-paper lantern custom, the aoandon's form.
Supplied by
[ja-ashiarai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「足洗邸」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ashimagari]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「足まがり」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kyōgoku/Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-ashinaga]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「足長手長」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ayakashi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「アヤカシ (妖怪)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-azukibabaa]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「小豆婆」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami.
Supplied by
[ja-azukihakari]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「小豆はかり」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-bakezori]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「化け草履」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-bakotsu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「馬骨」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-baku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「獏」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — Bai Juyi anatomy, the fur-bedding origin, the sail-inscription verified.
Supplied by
[ja-basho]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「芭蕉精」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-binbogami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「貧乏神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-boroboroton]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「暮露暮露団」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami (2000), Daijisen Plus. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-bunbuku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「分福茶釜」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-burabura]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「不落不落」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-buruburu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「震々」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami (2000) and Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-byobunozoki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「屏風のぞき」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-chirizuka]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「塵塚怪王」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992), Murakami (2000), Kagawa (Edo scholarship). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-chochinbi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「提灯火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-daidara]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ダイダラボッチ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Biwa/Fuji earthworks, Suwa, the 1927 survey date, the Kyūshū genus-name.
Supplied by
[ja-danzaburou]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「団三郎狸」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the drop-box protocol, the bellows-leather trade, the Shimoto mirage-palace.
Supplied by
[ja-dodomeki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「百々目鬼」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-dojoji]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「道成寺」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-dosojin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「道祖神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-emaki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「百鬼夜行絵巻」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-en]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「役小角」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-enenra]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「煙々羅」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-enko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「猿猴」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-fuguruma]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「文車妖妃」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-fujin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「風神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-fukuro-mujina]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「袋狢」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-furaribi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ふらり火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-furu-utsubo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「古空穂」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-fusuma]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「衾 (妖怪)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-gangikozo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「岸涯小僧」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Mizuki.
Supplied by
[ja-gotokuneko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「五徳猫」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-guhin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「狗賓」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-gyobu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「隠神刑部」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Usa Hachiman rod, Kuman Mountain, the ancestral title-grant, the three-tales ranking.
Supplied by
[ja-gyuki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「牛鬼」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hakanohi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「墓の火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hakuja]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「白蛇」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hanako]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「トイレの花子さん」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the name-variant map, the kawaya-gami red-figurine connection.
Supplied by
[ja-harionago]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「針女」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami.
Supplied by
[ja-hasshaku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「八尺様」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hatahiro]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「機尋」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kondō and Murakami.
Supplied by
[ja-hayataro]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「早太郎」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-heiroku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「幣六」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992), Murakami (2000). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-hidarugami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ヒダル神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the thin flag lifted.
Supplied by
[ja-hiderigami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「魃」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hihi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「狒々」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yanagita.
Supplied by
[ja-hiiragi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「柊鰯」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hikeshibaba]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「火消婆」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying the scholarship. CHANNEL NOTE: ja.wikipedia reachable via WebFetch with plain-kanji URLs — the JA sweep is unblocked.
Supplied by
[ja-himamushi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「火間虫入道」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada Atsunobu & Tanaka Naohi (eds.), Toriyama Sekien Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (Kokusho Kankōkai, 1992), p. 225. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-himamushi-2]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.same article via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-hinezumi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「火鼠」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hitokoto]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「一言主」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hitotsume]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「一つ目小僧」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hiyoribo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「日和坊」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Miyata and Fujisawa.
Supplied by
[ja-honekarakasa]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「骨傘」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-honjo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「本所七不思議」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hoso]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「疱瘡神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-hososhi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「方相氏」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ikiryo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「生霊」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-issie]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「イッシー」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-itsumade]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「以津真天」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ittanmomen]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「一反木綿」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — carries the Ōsumi Kimotsuki Dialect Collection attribution (deep-pass target resolved).
Supplied by
[ja-iyaya]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「否哉」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami, Mizuki, Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-izuna]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「飯縄権現」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-jakotsubaba]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「蛇骨婆」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Satō and Kondō.
Supplied by
[ja-jami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「邪魅」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-janjanbi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「じゃんじゃん火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-jatai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「蛇帯」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C. (JA summary assigns the plate to 1791 Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro — volume assignment to verify against the 1781 listing.)
Supplied by
[ja-jinmenju]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「人面樹」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kageonna]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「影女」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992) and Yamada (1974). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-kakurezato]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「隠れ里」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25). Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kamado]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「かまど神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — kama-gami masks, hinukan, the 9th-c. pottery.
Supplied by
[ja-kameosa]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「瓶長」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kamiumi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「神産み」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kaname-ishi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「要石」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kanbari]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「加牟波理入道」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kanedama]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「金霊」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kangiten]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「歓喜天」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kappa]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「河童」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — komahiki spread, medicine lineages, wabi-shōmon holdings, the 80+ name map. Tier C cross-check; its backbone is the Edo natural histories + Yanagita + Minakata Kumagusu. Primary verification of Wakan Sansai Zue / Butsurui Shōko passages pending.
Supplied by
[ja-karura]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「迦楼羅」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kasane]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「累ヶ淵」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the 1672/1647 dates, the station distance.
Supplied by
[ja-kasaobake]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「唐傘お化け」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-katawaguruma]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「片輪車」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-katsura-otoko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「桂男」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kawaakago]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「川赤子」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami, Tada, Mizuki.
Supplied by
[ja-kawahime]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「川姫」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kazenbo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「火前坊」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami (2000), Tada (1990). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-kechibi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「けち火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kejoro]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「毛倡妓」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kenashi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ケナシコルウナルペ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kenmun]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ケンムン」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kerakera]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「倩兮女」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-kerakera-2]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.same article via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-keukegen]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「毛羽毛現」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kidomaru]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鬼童丸」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kijimuna]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「キジムナー」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kojin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「荒神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kokuribaba]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「古庫裏婆」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-koromodako]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「衣蛸」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-koropokkuru]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「コロポックル」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kosenjobi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「古戦場火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kosodate]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「子育て幽霊」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kosode]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「小袖の手」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Tada (2006). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-kotofurunushi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「琴古主」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-kotoribako]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「コトリバコ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yoshida.
Supplied by
[ja-kubikajiri]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「首かじり」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami.
Supplied by
[ja-kubikire]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「首切れ馬」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kuchisake]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「口裂け女」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the panic-curve documentation, the origin- and counter-stacks, the 2004 Korea recurrence.
Supplied by
[ja-kuda-gitsune]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「管狐」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yanagita.
Supplied by
[ja-kudan]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「件」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kukai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「空海」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C (legend sections).
Supplied by
[ja-kuniyuzuri]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「葦原中国平定」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kurozuka]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「黒塚」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the variants, the Kanemori poem thread, the anachronism audit.
Supplied by
[ja-kuzuryu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「九頭竜伝承」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kyokotsu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「狂骨」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-kyonshii]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「キョンシー」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kyorinrin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「経凛々」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami (2000). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-kyusenbo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「河童」(Kyūsenbō section) ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-kyuso]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「旧鼠」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-maikubi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「舞首」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-majimun]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「マジムン」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-mamedanuki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「豆狸」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Washio.
Supplied by
[ja-maneki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「招き猫」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-masakado]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「平将門」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the kubizuka incidents, the Kanda Meiji/1984 dates.
Supplied by
[ja-mekurabe]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「目競」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami's Yōkai Jiten (2000) and the Heike text. Tier C carrying Tier A/B.
Supplied by
[ja-miage]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「見上入道」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-michizane]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「菅原道真」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — Daigo's death, the tobiume, the ox, the 993 chancellorship.
Supplied by
[ja-minobi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「蓑火」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-mintuchi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ミントゥチ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-misaki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ミサキ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-momonjii]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「百々爺」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-moryo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「魍魎」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-myojin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「明神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C (title-term note).
Supplied by
[ja-myoken]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「妙見菩薩」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-namahage]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「なまはげ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-narigama]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鳴釜」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Nihon Kaii Yōkai Daijiten (Tōkyōdō 2013), Inada/Tanaka (1992), Murakami's Yōkai Jiten (2000), Mizuki (2014), and the Nichibunken DB card. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-nebutori]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「寝肥」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-nenokuni]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「根の国」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ningen]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「南極のニンゲン」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ningyo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「人魚」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the dugong pharmacy, the temple-founding disposal, the salamander floor, the design-drift.
Supplied by
[ja-nobusuma]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「野衾」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-nodeppo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「野鉄砲」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-noderabo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「野寺坊」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami (2000), Inada/Tanaka (1992), Tada. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-nue]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鵺」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-nurarihyon]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ぬらりひょん」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Kyōgoku validity-argument.
Supplied by
[ja-nyunai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「入内雀」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-obariyon]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「おばりよん」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-obo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「オボ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oboroguruma]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「朧車」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ogama]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大蝦蟇」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oiteke]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「おいてけ堀」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-okaburo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大禿」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kondō and Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-okiku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「皿屋敷」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — Baba Bunkō 1758, the okiku-mushi species/souvenirs, the well's original name, the ten-cure.
Supplied by
[ja-okkeruipe]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「オッケルイペ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-okuri-inu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「送り犬」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-omononushi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大物主」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-omukade]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大百足」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oni]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鬼」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the five-color/five-poisons system, the taxonomy prefix.
Supplied by
[ja-onikuma]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鬼熊」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-onmoraki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「陰摩羅鬼」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-orikuchi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「折口信夫」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-30), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-orochi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「八岐大蛇」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — yashiori-no-sake named; the lava/jade reading-shelf.
Supplied by
[ja-osaki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「オサキ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oshira]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「おしら様」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oshirako]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「久渡寺」(Kudoji) ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Oshira-kō section.
Supplied by
[ja-oshiroibaba]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「白粉婆」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Fujisawa critique.
Supplied by
[ja-otora]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「おとら狐」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-otoroshi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「おとろし」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-ouni]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「苧うに」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oyamatsumi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大山祇神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-oyamatsumi-hozokan]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大山祇神社」ja.wikipedia, Hōmotsukan (treasury hall) section, citing Kokuhō/Jūyō Bunkazai Taizen 5: Kōgeihin I for the 52/134 (39%) armor-type tally (retrieved 2026-07-29), Tier C encyclopedia summarizing a Tier B reference work; explicitly flags and corrects the popular "80%" figure as an error.
Supplied by
[ja-ozato]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「大座頭」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami and Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-paantu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「パーントゥ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-raijin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「雷神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-raiju]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「雷獣」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-rokuraku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ろくろ首 (落語)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the rakugo piece.
Supplied by
[ja-rokurokubi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ろくろ首」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada.
Supplied by
[ja-ryugu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「竜宮」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-sagari]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「さがり (妖怪)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-sagojo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「沙悟浄」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-sankai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「産怪」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Hino.
Supplied by
[ja-sansei]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「山精」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Wakan Sansai Zue and Chinese primaries. Tier C carrying Tier A.
Supplied by
[ja-sarakazoe]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「皿数え」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-sarugami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「猿神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-senbiki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「千匹狼」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Hiraiwa.
Supplied by
[ja-setodaisho]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「瀬戸大将」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-shachihoko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鯱」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shamichoro]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「三味長老」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-shibaemon]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「芝右衛門狸」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the relief-kill, the theater enshrinement, Omasu and the grief-motive.
Supplied by
[ja-shichifuku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「七福神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shichinin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「七人ミサキ」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Shibuya 1990s variant.
Supplied by
[ja-shidaidaka]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「次第高」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shijin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「四神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shio-no-choji]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「塩の長司」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shippeitaro]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「しっぺい太郎」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-30), Tier C — the name-variant etymology, the 1793 Mitsuke→Kōzenji sutra gift and its legend-origin proposal, the 1803/1832 attestations.
Supplied by
[ja-shirime]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.Buson Yōkai Emaki material via ja.wikipedia (nopperabō article's nuppori-bōzu section; retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Mizuki.
Supplied by
[ja-shirouneri]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「白溶裔」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992), Murakami. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-shirouneri-2]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.same article via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Yamada attack-profile attribution.
Supplied by
[ja-shishimai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「獅子舞」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shishio]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「獅子王 (刀)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shojoji]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「證誠寺の狸囃子」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the 1925 song's reception history.
Supplied by
[ja-shokera]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「しょうけら」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shussebora]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「出世螺」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-shutendoji]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「酒呑童子」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the birth-details, the Oinosaka head-site, the yokonashi line verified.
Supplied by
[ja-sodehiki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「袖引き小僧」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-sorei]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「祖霊」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yanagita.
Supplied by
[ja-suijin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「水神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C (stub-flagged in the source itself).
Supplied by
[ja-sutoku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「崇徳天皇」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the flagged details verified: the vow verbatim, the self-built tengu form, the 1868 accession-timing.
Supplied by
[ja-suzuhikohime]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「鈴彦姫」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Inada/Tanaka (1992). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-suzuri]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「硯の魂」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-takireio]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「滝霊王」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami (2005). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-tamamo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「玉藻前」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Tokuko historical-model thesis.
Supplied by
[ja-tanokami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「田の神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yanagita.
Supplied by
[ja-tearai-oni]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「手洗鬼」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-tengu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「天狗」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the Tengu-zōshi 1296 scrolls, the 637 gloss's full line.
Supplied by
[ja-tengu-daoshi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「天狗倒し」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Sakurai.
Supplied by
[ja-tengutsubute]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「天狗礫」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing PHP's Ōedo collection and the Nichibunken DB. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-tenjokudari]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「天井下」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-tennin]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「天人女房」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-tenson]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「天孫降臨」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-tokoyo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「常世の国」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-toshitoku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「歳徳神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-tsuchigumo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「土蜘蛛」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the wolf/owl phrasing, the female leaders, the mound-sites.
Supplied by
[ja-tsuku]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「付喪神絵巻」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-tsurube]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「釣瓶落とし」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ubume]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「産女」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ukanomitama]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「宇迦之御魂神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-ukemochi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「保食神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-uma-no-ashi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「馬の足」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-umi-nyobo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「海女房」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26; re-checked 2026-07-29), Tier C with explicit Yamada caveat.
Supplied by
[ja-umi-zato]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「海座頭」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami.
Supplied by
[ja-ushinokubi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「牛の首」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Komatsu's claim and Namiki.
Supplied by
[ja-ushirogami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「後神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Murakami.
Supplied by
[ja-waira]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「わいら」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Tada, Tsuji, and the Yamada critique.
Supplied by
[ja-wani]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「和邇 (日本神話)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-warai-onna]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「笑い女」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yadokai]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「夜道怪」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Murakami's Nihon Yōkai Daijiten (2005) and Yanagita. Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-yagyo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「夜行さん」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yako]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「野狐」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yama-otoko]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「山男」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Yanagita and Minakata.
Supplied by
[ja-yamachichi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「山地乳」ja.wikipedia raw (retrieved 2026-07-25), citing Tada (1990, 1997). Tier C carrying Tier B.
Supplied by
[ja-yamajii]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「山爺」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — the shout's specs, the gunshot duel and spider revenge, the wolf-driving employment.
Supplied by
[ja-yamanokami]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「山の神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yamaoroshi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「山颪 (妖怪)」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yanagi-onna]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「柳女」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yaroka]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ヤロカ水」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yatagarasu]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「八咫烏」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yato]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「夜刀神」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yomeiri]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「狐の嫁入り」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — Echigo Meiyō, Tsugawa 1990/40k.
Supplied by
[ja-yomi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「黄泉」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yonaki-ishi]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「夜泣き石」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-yorishiro]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「依り代」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Orikuchi.
Supplied by
[ja-yotsuya]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「四谷怪談」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — toitagaeshi named; Myōgyōji/Tamiya two-site memory.
Supplied by
[ja-yuki-onna]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「雪女」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — shikkenken/Ōita rows, the scale-notes.
Supplied by
[ja-zashiki]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「ざしきわらし」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Sasaki.
Supplied by
[ja-zennyo]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.「善女龍王」ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[ja-zunbera]
modern reference Japanese Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — often carries regional detail the English article lacks.nopperabō article's zunbera-bō section, ja.wikipedia via WebFetch (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[konjaku]
12th century The Konjaku Monogatarishū — the great medieval tale anthology; a primary well for fox, tengu, and ghost stories.Konjaku Monogatarishū — per entries/ konjaku-monogatarishu.md.
Supplied by
[nihon-ryoiki]
c. 822 The Nihon Ryōiki — Japan's oldest collection of Buddhist miracle tales; several yokai make their first appearance here.per entries/nihon-ryoiki.md.
Nihon Ryōiki (c. 810–824), earliest fox-wife tale (Mino Province). Attribution via [415[wikipedia-kitsune]]; primary-text verification pending (SBN translation, Kyoko Nakamura's Miraculous Stories).
Supplied by
[reider-2010]
modern scholarship Noriko T. Reider, Japanese Demon Lore (2010) — the standard English monograph on the oni.Noriko T. Reider, Japanese Demon Lore: Oni from Ancient Times to the Present (2010). Tier B; to consult for the deep pass.
Supplied by
[search-2026-07-24]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate; primary verification of the 1690 text pending (NDL digital collections likely have it).
aggregate (historyofjapan.co.uk et al.); yokai.com excluded per methodology; extinction date to be formally cited.
aggregate (historyofjapan.co.uk et al.); yokai.com excluded per methodology. Caption verbatim via Japandemonium (Tier B) pending.
aggregate (Tokyo Weekender, Shinto wiki; yokai.com excluded per methodology); otogi-zōshi (Suzuka no sōshi, Tamura no sōshi) are the primary targets — retrieve/verify.
aggregate (Japanese Wiki Corpus, historyofjapan.co.uk); Genpei Seisui Ki passage verification pending; yokai.com excluded per methodology.
Supplied by
[search-2026-07-25]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate (hyakumonogatari.com et al. — enthusiast-tier; yokai.com excluded per methodology).
aggregate — Wikipedia "Smallpox demon," Tokyo Metropolitan Library print archive, PMC's Tametomo print article; yokai.com excluded per methodology.
aggregate (the Kappapedia summary et al.); the scroll corpus and Miyoshi Mononoke Museum are the deep-pass anchors; Sanmoto ending flagged pending verification.
aggregate (godsandmonsters.info, japanesemythicalcreatures.com); thin-flagged; yokai.com excluded.
aggregate — Wikipedia "Momiji (oni)" / "Momijigari (play)" / "(film)" and historyofjapan.co.uk; yokai.com excluded per methodology.
aggregate — Semiotic Review (academic), hyakumonogatari.com; yokai.com excluded per methodology.
aggregate — Tokyo Weekender's ningyo survey, the folktale corpus (Hukumusume telling); regional Wakasa tradition. Tier C; the Obama temple tradition is the deep-pass anchor.
Wikipedia "Yashima no Hage-tanuki" via search (direct fetch 404'd on hyphenation); Battle of Yashima article for the history anchor.
Supplied by
[search-akugyo]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files."Akugyo," Wikipedia + aggregate (retrieved 2026-07-29; enthusiast-tier at the detail level, thin-flagged; yokai.com excluded).
Supplied by
[search-amabura]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate via WebSearch (retrieved 2026-07-29; godsandmonsters.info et al. — enthusiast-tier, thin-flagged; yokai.com excluded per methodology).
Supplied by
[search-amoronagu]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate (enthusiast-tier, thin-flagged; yokai.com excluded).
Supplied by
[search-anmo]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate incl. Tōkyō Shimbun and Nikkei Denshōen coverage (retrieved 2026-07-29), Tier C.
Supplied by
[search-donotsura]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate incl. Meyer's yokai blog (retrieved 2026-07-29; enthusiast-tier but consistent; yokai.com excluded per methodology), Tier C.
Supplied by
[search-furusoma]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate incl. Uncanny Japan and Meyer-lineage retellings (retrieved 2026-07-29; yokai.com excluded), Tier C.
Supplied by
[search-haradashi]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate (retrieved 2026-07-29; enthusiast-tier, thin-flagged; yokai.com excluded).
Supplied by
[search-ichiren]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate scroll-retellings (retrieved 2026-07-29; yokai.com excluded), Tier C — grounded in the Tsukumogami Emaki itself per tsukumogami-ki.
Supplied by
[search-komayo]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.WebSearch aggregate (retrieved 2026-07-29): komayo.page (single-purpose site — the suspect), the Wikipedia list entry (the contamination site). Documented as evidence, not as lore.
Supplied by
[search-korori]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate incl. Uncanny Japan, Nippon.com, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Library's 1858 chronicle page (retrieved 2026-07-29; yokai.com excluded), Tier C.
Supplied by
[search-nikujin]
research note A dated research-session note from this bestiary's own working files.aggregate incl. the incident's standard retellings (retrieved 2026-07-29; yokai.com excluded), Tier C; the "official documents" claim needs the primary (likely the Ieyasu-period chronicle — hunt).
Supplied by
[sekien-1776]
Edo, 1776 Toriyama Sekien's Gazu Hyakki Yagyō — the first of his four illustrated yokai catalogs, the books that made the night parade a printed genre.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Toriyama Sekien, Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (1776) — Kitsunebi plate.
/ [309[sekien-1779]] / [310[sekien-1781]] / [311[sekien-1784]] — plate attestations per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Makuragaeshi cross-reference.
Supplied by
[sekien-1779]
Edo, 1779 Sekien's second catalog (Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki) — more inventions and puns join the attested spirits.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (Amanozako).
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; Kokon Hyakumonogatari Hyōban (Yamaoka Genrin, 1686) — already in bibliography per tsurube-otoshi.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (Dodomeki).
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; caption is primary.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; Shukuchigusa — add to 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md.
Mujina plate — per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (the opening plate).
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; Qingzun Lu, Taihei Hyakumonogatari — add to 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md.
Supplied by
[sekien-1781]
Edo, 1781 Sekien's third catalog (Konjaku Hyakki Shūi) — by now many plates are his own creations, presented deadpan beside folklore.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; Chūryō Manroku — add to 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md; the caption is the primary source.
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md. (JA summary says 1781 Konjaku Hyakki Shūi; queue had her under 1784 — catalog-assignment to verify against the plate list.)
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (Momiji).
Toriyama Sekien, Konjaku Hyakki Shūi (1781) — Sesshō-seki plate.
Supplied by
[sekien-1784]
Edo, 1784 Sekien's fourth and final catalog (Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro) — the tsukumogami volume: household objects come alive.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Supplied by
[sekien-tsurezure]
Edo, 1784 Sekien's fourth catalog (Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro), the awakened-objects volume.per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md (JA gives 1791 — align the catalog file's dating note).
per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
the 1784-vs-1791 dating note stands.
Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro (1784) — per 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Supplied by
[smith-1918]
1918 Richard Gordon Smith's Ancient Tales and Folk-lore of Japan — an early English collection, valuable and of its time.Richard Gordon Smith, Ancient Tales and Folk-Lore of Japan (1918), Ch. XVII — PD; archived at sources-texts/smith-1918-ancient-tales-ch17-oki-islands.md (Tier A).
Supplied by
[tsurayuki-935]
935 Ki no Tsurayuki's Tosa Nikki — the Heian poet's travel diary; a primary text, archived in this bestiary's own source files.Tosa Nikki (935) — Tier A, archived at sources-texts/tsurayuki-935-tosa-nikki-ganjitsu.md.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-aburaakago]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Abura-akago," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-aburasumashi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Abura-sumashi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-akamanto]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Aka Manto," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-akaname]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Akaname," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-akashita]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Akashita," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-akinari]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ueda Akinari," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-akkorokamui]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Akkorokamui," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amabie]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amabie," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; kawaraban holding + amabiko 1843 record need Tier A/B verification (Nagano Eishun's amabiko scholarship).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amanojaku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amanojaku," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amanozako]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amanozako," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amaterasu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amaterasu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kojiki/Shoki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amazake]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amazake-babaa," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amefurikozo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amefurikozō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ameonna]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ameonna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-amikiri]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Amikiri," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-aoandon]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Aoandon," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-aobozu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Aobōzu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-aonyobo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Aonyōbō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-aosaginohi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Aosaginohi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-azukiarai]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Azukiarai," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-bakedanuki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Bake-danuki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-bakekujira]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Bake-kujira," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-bakeneko]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Bakeneko," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-bakezori]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Bakezōri," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-baku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Baku (mythology)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; the 1617 manuscript and 1791 illustration citations need Tier B verification (Kagawa Masanobu materials).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-basan]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Basan (legendary bird)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; 1776 claim flagged against 02-HISTORICAL-CATALOGS.md.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-benzaiten]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Benzaiten," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-betobeto]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Betobeto-san," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; original documentation likely Yanagita-school regional collections — deep-pass: find the collecting folklorist (Sawada? Kunio's Yōkai Dangi?).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-biwabokuboku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Biwa-bokuboku," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-bunbuku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Bunbuku Chagama," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-chochin]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Chōchin'obake," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-daidarabotchi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Daidarabotchi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Fudoki passages pending primary verification (Aoki trans.).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-danzaburou]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Danzaburou-danuki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-datsueba]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Datsue-ba," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-encho]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."San'yūtei Enchō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-enenra]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Enenra," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-enma]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Enma," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-enryo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Inoue Enryō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-fenghuang]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Fenghuang," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-foursymbols]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Four Symbols," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Kitora/shijin-sō-ō layer flagged pending citation.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-funayurei]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Funayūrei," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-funayurei-2]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Funayūrei," Wikipedia second retrieval (2026-07-25), Tier C — countermeasures, Tōya Maru, dead water.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-furi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Fengli," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C carrying the Chinese primaries and Minakata.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-furutsubaki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Furutsubaki-no-rei," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-futakuchi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Futakuchi-onna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-gagoze]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Gagoze," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-gashadokuro]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Gashadokuro," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; the 1966 Saitō attribution is the load-bearing claim — verify against Japanese yokai scholarship (Murakami's dictionary) in deep pass.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-gozumezu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ox-Head and Horse-Face," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-gozutenno]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Gozu Tennō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-gyobu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Inugami Gyōbu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hakutaku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Bai Ze," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hakuzosu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hakuzōsu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hanako]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hanako-san," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Meyer and Foster attributions — Foster's school-kaidan scholarship is the Tier B target.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hannya]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hannya," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-harionago]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Harionago," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C — weakly sourced, flagged.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hashihime]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hashihime," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hearn]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Lafcadio Hearn," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-heikegani]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Heikegani," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hibagon]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hibagon," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hiderigami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hiderigami/Hanba," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hitobashira]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hitobashira," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C carrying Nihon Shoki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hitodama]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hitodama," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hitotsume]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hitotsume-kozō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Yanagita's Hitotsume-kozō sonota is the Tier B source to pull.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hitotsume-nyudo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hitotsume-nyūdō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hoderi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hoderi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kojiki/Shoki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hoichi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hoichi the Earless," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-honeonna]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hone-onna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hyakki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hyakki Yagyō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hyakumonogatari]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hyakumonogatari Kaidankai," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-hyosube]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hyōsube," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ibaraki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ibaraki-dōji," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ikiryo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ikiryō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ikuchi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ikuchi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C carrying Tankai and Mimibukuro.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-inaba]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Hare of Inaba," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kojiki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-inari]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Inari Ōkami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Smyers' The Fox and the Jewel — the Tier B monograph.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-inugami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Inugami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-isonade]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Isonade," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-issunboshi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Issun-bōshi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-itsumade]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Itsumade," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ittanmomen]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ittan-momen," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-iwanaga]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Iwanagahime," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-izanami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Izanami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Kojiki passage (PD, Chamberlain) — archive with the myth set.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-jikininki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Jikininki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-jinmenken]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Jinmenken," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-jizo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kṣitigarbha/Jizō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-jorogumo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Jorōgumo," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-jubokko]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Jubokko," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C — reporting Yanagita/Hino/Tō Gakkai negative findings.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kamaitachi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kamaitachi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kamikakushi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Spirit away," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kamikiri]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kamikiri (haircutting)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kanashibari]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sleep paralysis" (Japanese-culture material), Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kappa]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kappa (folklore)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kasaobake]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kasa-obake," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kasha]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kasha (folklore)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-keukegen]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Keukegen," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kijimuna]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kijimuna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kijo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kijo (folklore)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kintaro]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kintarō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kitaro]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."GeGeGe no Kitarō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kitsune]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kitsune," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23). Tier C cross-check; used here for early-text attributions (Nihon Shoki, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, Konjaku, Edo taxonomies, tale dating) pending direct primary verification.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kitsunetsuki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kitsunetsuki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kiyohime]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kiyohime," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kobutori]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kobutori Jiisan," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Uji Shūi.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kodama]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kodama (spirit)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Genji and Kojiki references pending primary passage verification.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kokakucho]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Guhuoniao," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-komainu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Komainu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-konakijiji]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Konaki-jiji," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-konjaku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Konjaku Monogatarishū," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-konohana]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Konohanasakuya-hime," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-koropokkuru]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Korpokkur," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kuchisake]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kuchisake-onna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; 1978–79 press coverage is the verifiable core (Gifu Nichi Nichi Shimbun, Shūkan Shinchō) — pull actual clippings in deep pass if possible.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kudan]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kudan (yōkai)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kunekune-2]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kunekune (urban legend)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C — provenance flag resolved.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kuraokami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kuraokami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C carrying Kojiki/Shoki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kurozuka]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kurozuka," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; the temple engi is the primary — retrievability check next pass.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-kuzunoha]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kuzunoha," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-makuragaeshi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Makuragaeshi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-masakado]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Taira no Masakado," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-menreiki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Menreiki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C (stub-grade; thin).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-michizane]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sugawara no Michizane," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-mikoshi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Mikoshi-nyūdō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-mizuchi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Mizuchi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C carrying Minakata and Foster.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-mizuki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shigeru Mizuki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
for the popularization layer.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-mokumokuren]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Mokumokuren," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-momotaro]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Momotarō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-mujina]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Mujina," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-namahage]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Namahage," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23). Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-namazu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Namazu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nekomata]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nekomata," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; backbone Meigetsuki + Tsurezuregusa — primary passage verification pending.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ningyo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ningyo," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Nihon Shoki 619 passage and Denryaku attributions pending primary verification (Aston trans., PD).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nobusuma]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nobusuma," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nopperabo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Noppera-bō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nue]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nue," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Heike passage verification pending (PD translations exist).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nuppeppo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nuppeppō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nurarihyon]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nurarihyon," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; the Murakami/Tada debunking is the load-bearing claim — verify against their published work in deep pass.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nureonna]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nure-onna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nuribotoke]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nuribotoke," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nurikabe]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nurikabe," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-nyunaisuzume]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nyūnaisuzume," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-obon]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Obon," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ofuda]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ofuda," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-okiku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Banchō Sarayashiki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-okubi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ōkubi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-okuninushi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ōkuninushi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Philippi/Chamberlain's Kojiki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-okuriinu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Okuri-inu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-omukade]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ōmukade," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-oni]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Oni," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23). Tier C cross-check; article's own backbone is Reider 2010 and Foster 2015 + classical texts (Izumo Fudoki, Nihon Shoki, Wamyō Ruijushō) — primary verification of the Fudoki and Nihon Shoki passages pending.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-onibi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Onibi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-onihitokuchi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Onihitokuchi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-onmyodo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Onmyōdō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-onryo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Onryō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-onyudo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ōnyūdō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-orochi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yamata no Orochi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Kojiki/Shoki passages to archive (PD translations).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-osakabehime]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Osakabehime," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-osorezan]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Mount Osore," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-otoroshi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Otoroshi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-preta]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Preta," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-qilin]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Qilin," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-raijin]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Raijin," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kojiki — the Yomi birth, the gate pair, the household.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-raiju]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Raijū," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-rajomon]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Rajōmon," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-rokurokubi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Rokurokubi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ryoiki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Nihon Ryōiki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ryujin]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ryūjin," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sakabashira]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sakabashira," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-samebito]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Samebito," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sarutahiko]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sarutahiko Ōkami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-satori]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Satori (folklore)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sazaeoni]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sazae-oni," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-seimei]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Abe no Seimei," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sekien]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Toriyama Sekien," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-setsubun]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Setsubun," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shibaemon]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shibaemon-tanuki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shichinin]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shichinin misaki," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shikigami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shikigami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shimenawa]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shimenawa," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shinigami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shinigami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shiranui]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shiranui (optical phenomenon)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shisa]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shisa," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shojo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shōjō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shokera]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shōkera," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-shutendoji]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Shuten-dōji," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Komatsu ranking + scroll dating pending verification against Komatsu's published work (Tier B).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sogenbi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sōgenbi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sojobo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sōjōbō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C carrying the Heiji Monogatari.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-suiko]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Suiko (folklore)/Shuihu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sunekosuri]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Sunekosuri," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-susanoo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Susanoo-no-Mikoto," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C carrying Kojiki/Shoki/Izumo Fudoki.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-sutoku]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Emperor Sutoku," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; tengu-form/blood-sutra/Shiramine details flagged for source verification as noted.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-suzukagozen]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Suzuka Gozen," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-takaonna]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Takaonna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Murakami's source-criticism is the anchor — his dictionary is the Tier B pull.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tamamo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tamamo-no-Mae," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; otogi-zōshi dating and Nariko theory pending verification.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tanuki-folklore]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Japanese raccoon dog," Wikipedia folklore sections (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tatarigami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tatarigami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-teketeke]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Teke Teke," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tengu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tengu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23). Tier C cross-check; article backbone: Nihon Shoki, Konjaku Monogatarishū, Shasekishū, Tengu Meigikō, de Visser's 1908 monograph "The Tengu" — the latter is public domain and the single best deep-pass target. ACQUIRED (2026-07-30): the full monograph is archived at sources-texts/devisser-1908-the-tengu.md (TASJ 36/2, ~3,770 lines, OCR-rough but complete with Addenda) — the deep-pass can now run against the primary on disk.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tenome]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tenome," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tesso]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tesso," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tofukozo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tōfu-kozō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-toyotama]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Toyotama-hime," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsuchigumo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsuchigumo," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; chronicle citations pending primary verification.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsuchinoko]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsuchinoko," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsukumogami]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsukumogami," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Komatsu's scholarship (Tier B) for the doctrine nuance; Tsukumogami-ki translation (Reider has published one — Tier B pull).
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsukuyomi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsurara]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsurara-onna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsuru]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsuru no Ongaeshi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C; Seki Keigo's tale-index (Tier B) for the type-family.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-tsurubeotoshi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Tsurube-otoshi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ubagabi]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ubagabi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ubasute]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ubasute," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ubume]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ubume," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C; Konjaku/Kii Zōdan Shū attributions pending primary verification.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ujishui]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Uji Shūi Monogatari," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-umibozu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Umibōzu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ungaikyo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ungaikyō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-urashima]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Urashima Tarō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ushinotoki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ushi no toki mairi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-ushioni]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ushi-oni," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-uwan]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Uwan," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-uzume]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Ame-no-Uzume," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-wanyudo]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Wanyūdō," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yamabiko]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yamabiko (folklore)," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yamajijii]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yamajijii," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yamauba]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yama-uba," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yamawaro]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yamawaro," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yanagita]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kunio Yanagita," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yanari]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yanari," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yokai]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yōkai," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C; Komatsu's and Foster's monographs (Tier B) for the deep pass.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yomeiri]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Kitsune no yomeiri," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yorimitsu]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Minamoto no Yorimitsu," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-26), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yosuzume]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yosuzume," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-25), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yotsuya]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yotsuya Kaidan," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yuki-onna]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yuki-onna," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23). Tier C cross-check for Sōgi attestation, regional variants, origin theories — primary verification of Sōgi Shokoku Monogatari pending.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-yurei]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Yūrei," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-24), Tier C.
Supplied by
[wikipedia-zashiki]
modern reference English Wikipedia's article on this subject, as retrieved in 2026 — an aggregate starting point, not a primary source."Zashiki-warashi," Wikipedia (retrieved 2026-07-23), Tier C.
Supplied by
[yanagita-1910]
1910 Yanagita Kunio's Tōno Monogatari, told by Sasaki Kizen — the founding text of Japanese folklore studies..
Yanagita Kunio, Tōno Monogatari (1910). Public domain (original). Tale-number verification pending.
per sources/sources.json.
Tōno Monogatari — the primary anchor; passage numbers pending.
Supplied by
[yanagita-tono]
1910 Yanagita Kunio's Tōno Monogatari, told by Sasaki Kizen — the founding text of Japanese folklore studies (alternate citation key).Tōno Monogatari (1910) — per 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md.
Tōno Monogatari (1910) — per 04-BIBLIOGRAPHY.md.
Supplied by
[yokai-com-uminyobo]
Matthew Meyer, "Umi Nyōbō," yokai.com (retrieved 2026-07-29), Tier C; cites the 1709 Yamato Honzō by name for the general umi-nyōbō entry.
Supplied by